C++ is still a powerful programming language, despite the advent of various modern languages. Learning C++ enables the learner to easily perceive the most trending programming languages The Programming C++ LearningKit facilitates the learners to understand the functional programming model and Object-oriented programming model and to identify which model to apply under what circumstances. Each learning path presents adequate chances for writing programs and identifying & fixing errors. This LearningKit is a blend of all the fundamentals and the new features of C++. The intent here is to provide the learners with all the most crucial information in one place to write correct, portable, professional-quality code.

This LearningKit with more than 56 hours of learning is divided into three tracks:

Course content

TRACK 1: GETTING STARTED WITH C++

In this track, the focus will be on the fundamental features of the C++ programming language.
Courses (20 hours +):

Fundamentals of C++: Getting Started

Course: 1 Hour, 30 Minutes

• Course Overview
• C++ Introduction
• Principles of C++ Code Execution
• C++ Code Principles
• C++'s Compilation Process
• C and C++ Differences
• Exploring Features of C++ and Its Compilers
• Setting up the G++ Compiler
• Executing C++ on Windows
• Setting up C++ on Mac
• Running C++ Code with a Build
• Printing Text Using C++
• Course Summary

Fundamentals of C++: Using Variables & Datatypes

Course: 1 Hour, 38 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Introducing C++ Variables
• Exploring Numeric Data Types
• Using Integral, Character, and Floating-point Types
• Creating Boolean Variables in C++
• Performing Logical and Arithmetic Operations
• Creating C-style Strings
• Creating C++-style Strings
• Modifying Strings
• Using Member Functions with Strings
• Indexing into Strings
• Using Operators with Strings
• Course Summary

Fundamentals of C++: Using the auto Keyword, Enums, and I/O Streams

Course: 55 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Using the auto Keyword
• Exploring Enumerated Types
• Accepting Single-word Input
• Experimenting with Accepting Input
• Exploring Finer Points of Accepting Input
• Formatting Data Using Utility Functions
• Course Summary

Control Structures in C++: Using Conditional Control Structures

Course: 1 Hour, 38 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Understanding Control Structures
• Creating if-blocks and if-else-if Ladders
• Using Overloaded Relational Operators
• Introducing Vectors
• Creating Iterators on Vectors
• Creating Variables in an if-block Scope
• Using Logical Operators
• Creating Switch Statements
• Creating Variables in the Scope of Switch Statements
• Creating Cases Based on Strings in Switch Statements
• Exploring the Finer Points of Switch Statements
• Creating Switch Statements on Strings
• Course Summary

Control Structures in C++: Range-based for Loops

Course: 1 Hour, 37 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Introducing Arrays and For Loops
• Using the Break and Continue Keywords
• Iterating over Multidimensional Arrays
• Understanding the STL
• Accessing Out-of-bound Elements of a Vector
• Searching in a Vector Using Templates
• Using the cend(), rend(), and crend() Functions
• Debugging C++ Code
• Configuring the Debugging of Code
• Using Debuggers to Play the Execution of Code
• Using String References
• Creating Range-based For Loops
• Course Summary

Pointers and References in C++: Getting Started with Pointers

Course: 58 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Introducing C++ Pointers
• NULL and nullptr Differences
• Creating Pointers in C++
• Creating C-style Strings
• Using Null Pointers
• Creating Pointers on Objects
• Creating Pointers to Vectors and Maps
• Course Summary

Pointers and References in C++: Allocating Memory with New & Delete Operators

Course: 1 Hour, 25 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Understanding the Use of Pointers
• Allocating Memory in C++
• Allocating Memory Using the new Keyword
• Understanding Finer Points of New and Delete
• Creating Strings and Vectors on the Heap
• Allocating Memory for Arrays on the Heap
• Exploring Finer Points of Array New and Delete
• Const Pointers versus Pointers to Consts
• Using Constant Variables and Pointers
• Creating Pointers to Constants
• Creating Constant Pointers
• Course Summary

Pointers and References in C++: Using Smart Pointers in Modern C++

Course: 1 Hour, 39 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Introduction to Smart Pointers
• Types of Smart Pointers
• Introducing Unique Pointers
• Exploring Unique Pointers
• Creating Shared Pointers
• Exploring Shared Pointers
• Exploring Finer Points of Shared Pointers
• Creating Weak Pointers
• Exploring Finer Points of Weak Pointers
• Exploring Invalid Weak Pointers
• Understanding the Use Case of Weak Pointers
• Course Summary

Pointers and References in C++: Working with References

Course: 46 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Introduction to References
• Creating References
• Referencing Different Objects
• Modifying Data Using References
• Creating Constant References
• Casting Variables to Be Constant
• Course Summary

Functions in C++: Using Functions & Parameter Passing

Course: 1 Hour, 32 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Introducing C++ Functions
• Declaring and Defining Functions
• Exploring Pass-by-value Data Types
• Understanding That Strings Are Passed by Value
• Exploring Pointers Pass-by-value Semantics
• Understanding How Pointers Are Passed by Value
• Understanding Pass-by-reference
• Exploring Pass-by-reference
• Passing Vectors and Strings Using References
• Passing in Integers as References
• Course Summary

Functions in C++: Using Default Arguments & Function Overloading

Course: 57 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Using Default Arguments
• Returning Pointers and References
• Using the auto Keyword
• Overloading Functions
• Exploring the Nuances of Overloading Functions
• Creating Header Files
• Course Summary

Assessment:
Final Exam: Getting Started in C++

TRACK 2: OBJECT-ORIENTED CONCEPTS IN C++

In this track, the focus will be on core programming in C++, where the learners will recognize the significance of object-oriented programming.
Courses (23 hours +)

OOP in C++: Getting Started with Object-oriented Programming

Course: 1 Hour, 25 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Object-oriented Programming (OOP)
• The Structure of Object-oriented Programming (OOP)
• Member Variables and Functions
• Creating Objects of a Class
• Defining Getter and Setter Functions
• Creating Constructors and Instantiating Objects
• Utilizing the Private Access Modifier
• Creating a Custom Header File
• Working with Custom Header Files in Code
• Discerning Common Errors When Using Header Files
• Course Summary

OOP in C++: Instantiating Objects Using Constructors

Course: 50 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Adding Default Arguments to Constructors
• Initializing Variables Using Initialization Lists
• Distinguishing the Nuances of Initialization Lists
• Execute Constructor Chaining
• Implementing the explicit Keyword
• Creating Structs in C++
• Course Summary

OOP in C++: Using the this Pointer & const Members

Course: 1 Hour, 5 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Using the this Pointer
• Chaining Method Invocations Using the this Pointer
• Creating const Objects and const Member Functions
• Identifying Common const Method Errors
• Using const Pointers and References
• Overloading Functions as const and Non-const
• Returning const and Non-const Values from Functions
• Using the const_cast and mutable Keywords
• Course Summary

OOP in C++: Using Static Members & Destructors

Course: 56 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Creating Pre-C++17 Static Variables
• Creating C++17 Static Variables
• Accessing Static Variables through Classes
• Defining and Invoking Static Functions
• Defining and Using Destructors
• Implementing Constructors and Destructors
• Instantiating and Deallocating a Pointer
• Course Summary

OOP in C++: Copy Constructors, Nested Classes, & Namespaces

Course: 1 Hour, 43 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Creating Copies Using a Copy Constructor
• Implementing Copy Constructors
• Using Pass-by-value and Reference with Objects
• Creating Required Copy Constructors
• Identifying Default Copy Constructor Errors
• Implementing Copy Constructors for Object Pointers
• Creating Friend Functions and Classes
• Creating Nested Classes
• Implementing Namespaces
• Storing Functions and Classes in Namespaces
• Creating and Referencing Namespaces
• Course Summary

C++ Inheritance & Polymorphism: Using Inheritance for is-a Relationships

Course: 1 Hour, 31 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Inheritance
• Inheritance and Composition
• Using Public Inheritance
• Using Members of Classes in Inheritance Hierarchies
• Accessing Members of Base Classes from Child Classes
• Using the 'protected' Access Modifier
• Access Modifiers
• Access Modifiers with Inheritance
• Using the Base Class Access Specifier
• Using 'protected' as the Base Class Access Specifier
• Using Private Inheritance
• Bypassing Access Modifiers Using 'using'
• Course Summary

C++ Inheritance & Polymorphism: Constructors, Destructors, & Inheritance

Course: 1 Hour, 24 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Using Constructors in Inheritance Hierarchies
• Using Base Class Constructors in Child Classes
• Accessing Base Class Fields from the Child Class
• Using Base Class Constructors in Derived Classes
• Using Copy Constructors in Inheritance
• Using Destructors in Inheritance
• Setting up an Inheritance Hierarchy for Polymorphism
• Creating Pointers with Inheritance
• Creating References with Inheritance
• Course Summary

C++ Inheritance & Polymorphism: Understanding & Using Polymorphism

Course: 2 Hours, 4 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Understanding Name Hiding
• Exploring Finer Points of Name Hiding
• Understanding How Static Binding Can Be Dangerous
• Polymorphism
• Mechanics of Polymorphism
• Introducing the 'virtual' Keyword
• Exploring Runtime Polymorphism
• Using Runtime Polymorphism with References
• Viewing Resources Used in Dynamic Method Dispatch
• Exploring Problems Related to Runtime Polymorphism
• Understanding Covariance
• Understanding the 'override' Specification
• Using the 'final' Keyword
• Course Summary

C++ Inheritance & Polymorphism: Pure Virtual Functions & Abstract Classes

Course: 1 Hour, 22 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Using Virtual Destructors
• Understanding Object Slicing
• Exploring Default Arguments to Virtual Functions
• Using Virtual Methods in Constructors & Destructors
• Exploring the '::' Operator
• Using Pure Virtual Functions
• Exploring Abstract Classes
• Using Interfaces
• Course Summary

C++ Inheritance & Polymorphism: Multiple Inheritance & the Diamond Hierarchy

Course: 1 Hour, 22 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Multiple Inheritance and Diamond Hierarchy Overview
• Understanding Multiple Inheritance
• Implementing Virtual Methods in Multiple Inheritance
• Creating a Diamond Inheritance Hierarchy
• Using C-style Casts in C++
• Performing Static Casts
• Casting Objects
• Performing Dynamic Casts
• Exploring Errors Related to Dynamic Casts
• Course Summary

C++: Getting Started with Operator Overloading

Course: 1 Hour, 23 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Operator Overloading in C++
• Creating Classes in C++s
• Overloading Operators
• Using Code to Overload Operators
• Using Overloaded Operators as Member Functions
• Using Non-member Functions to Overload Operators
• Using Friend Functions with Operator Overloading
• Overloading Operators with Primitive Right Operands
• Using Best Practices of Operator Overloading
• Overloading Operators with Primitive Left Operands
• Course Summary

C++: Overloading Arithmetic & Relational Operators

Course: 1 Hour, 46 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Using std::rel_ops
• Invoking Operators from Other Operators
• Generating Operator Overloads using std::rel_ops
• Overloading the + Operator
• Using the Overloaded + Operator
• Identifying Requirements for + Operator Overloads
• Overloading the += Operator
• Using the Overloaded += Operator
• Identifying Requirements for += Operator Overloads
• Overloading the Pre and Post Increment Operators
• Using the Overloaded ++ Operator
• Course Summary

C++: Stream Operators, Assignment Operators, & Copy-and-Swap

Course: 1 Hour, 25 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Using Insertion and Extraction Operators
• Using the << and >> Operators as Functions
• Overloading Insertion and Extraction Operators
• Using the Copy Assignment Operator
• Implementing the Copy Assignment Operator
• Comparing Copy Constructor to Copy Assignment
• Exploring Default Assignment Operator Issues
• Overloading the Copy Assignment Operator
• Using the Copy-Swap Idiom
• Creating Copy Assignment Operations with Copy-Swap
• Course Summary

C++: Using Function Templates

Course: 1 Hour, 47 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Function and Class Templates
• Defining the Use Case of Function Templates
• Recognizing the Finer Points of Function Templates
• Specifying Types for Templates
• Defining Templated Functions in Header Files
• Using Templated Functions in .cpp Files
• Using Function Templates with Custom Types
• Demonstrating Issues of Pointers with Templates
• Defining Template Specializations
• Using Template Specializations
• Overloading Templated Functions
• Overloading Templated Functions with Pointer Types
• Course Summary

C++: Function Templates with Multiple Parameters & Non-type Parameters

Course: 40 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Using Multi-value Function Templates
• Specifying Function Return Types through Templates
• Using decl_type
• Using Default Values in Template Parameters
• Using Non-type Template Parameters
• Course Summary

C++: Using Class Templates

Course: 1 Hour, 52 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Using Class Template Parameters
• Creating Classes with Template Parameters
• Using the Braced Initialization List Constructor
• Automatically Deducing Class Template Parameters
• Using Functional Notation for Initializing Variables
• Using Non-type Template Parameters with Classes
• Demonstrating Features of Non-type Parameters
• Specializing Class Templates
• Using Specialized Templates
• Using Partial Specializations
• Performing Partial Specializations
• Using static_assert
• Defining Friend Functions to Templated Classes
• Course Summary

C++: Using the Move Constructor & Move Assignment Operator

Course: 1 Hour, 23 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Contrasting L-Values and R-Values
• Using L-Value and R-Value References
• Implementing the Rule of
• Illustrating the Need for R-value References
• Illustrating the Advantages of Move Constructors
• Using Move Assignment Operators
• Outlining Features of the Move Assignment Operator
• The RAII Paradigm
• Using RAII and the Rule of
• Course Summary

TRACK 3: ADVANCED CONCEPTS IN C++

In this track, the focus will be on the exploration of advanced C++ topics like File Handling, Data Structures, First-class functions, Templates, C++ Lambdas, Graphics, and the development of a simple gaming application.
Courses (12 hours +)

File Handling in C++: Working with File Streams

Course: 58 Minutes

• Course Overview
• File Handling in C++
• Reading Integer and Float Data from a File
• Using the getline() Function
• Reading Structured Data
• Using the open() and close() Functions
• Writing Out Data
• Writing Out Structured Data
• Course Summary

File Handling in C++: Performing Advanced File Stream Operations

Course: 1 Hour, 55 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Writing Out Custom Objects
• Reading in Custom Objects
• Reviewing Operations with Input Streams
• Using get() and getline()
• Using seekg()
• Using put(), read(), and write()
• Understanding the Write and Append Modes
• Using the Ate Mode
• Writing Out Data Using Binary Mode
• Write Out and Read in Binary Data
• Reviewing Stream State Bits
• Using the Filesystem Library
• Performing Operations on Files
• Course Summary

Exception Handling in C++

Course: 1 Hour, 48 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Techniques for Propagating Errors
• How Exceptions Are Thrown and Handled
• Throwing and Handling Exceptions
• Defining Multiple Catch Blocks
• Handling Exceptions Using the try-catch Block
• Throwing Exceptions Using Exception Classes
• Creating and Using Custom Exception Classes
• Using Custom Exceptions and Catch Blocks
• Catching Exceptions by Reference
• Violating the noexcept Keyword
• Cascading Errors up the Stack Trace
• Using the Function-try-block
• Course Summary

C++: Working with Sequence Containers

Course: 1 Hour, 26 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Associative and Sequence Containers
• Sequence Container Types
• Creating and Iterating Arrays
• Using Vectors
• Inserting, Modifying, and Removing Vector Elements
• Creating Forward Lists
• Generating Lists
• Queue, Stack, and Priority Queue Container Adapters
• Making Deques
• Creating and Using Container Adapters
• Course Summary

C++: Working with Associative Containers & Algorithms

Course: 1 Hour, 22 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Associative Containers
• Making and Using Regular Sets
• Using Unordered Sets and Multisets
• Creating and Iterating Maps
• Utilizing Unordered Maps
• Creating Multimaps
• Ordering Containers
• Using Algorithms on Containers
• Performing Advanced Algorithms and Transformations
• Course Summary

First-class Functions in C++: Defining & Using First-class Functions

Course: 1 Hour, 9 Minutes

• Course Overview
• First-class Functions in C++
• Creating Function Pointers
• Invoking Functions through Function Pointers
• Returning Functions from Other Functions
• Using Typedefs and Type Aliases
• Passing Functions in as Input Arguments
• Utilizing Templates with Higher-order Functions
• Creating and Using Functors
• Using Functors with Templates
• Course Summary

First-class Functions in C++: Using Lambdas & Closures

Course: 55 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Lambda Expressions
• Creating Lambdas
• Passing Lambdas into Functions
• Using Lambdas with STL Algorithms
• Lambda Closures
• Capturing Variables within Lambdas
• Capturing Variables by Reference
• Course Summary

C++: Introduction to Graphics with SFML

Course: 1 Hour, 35 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Simple and Fast Multimedia Library (SMFL)
• Installing SFML on macOS
• Installing SFML on Windows
• Opening and Managing Windows
• Setting Window Icons and Window Properties
• Handling Focus Events and Keyboard Events
• Handling Text Entered and Mouse Events
• Drawing Text
• Drawing Rectangles and Circles
• Drawing Polygons
• Course Summary

C++: Creating a Complete Game in SFML

Course: 1 Hour, 33 Minutes

• Course Overview
• Drawing Textures and Sprites
• Drawing Using Vertex Arrays
• Moving, Rotating, and Scaling Entities
• Using Sprite Sheets for Animation
• Interacting with the World Using Views
• Playing Music in Games
• Tic-Tac-Toe: Defining the Game
• Tic-Tac-Toe: Implementing the Game
• Tic-Tac-Toe: Playing the Game
• Course Summary